Quarantine System and its structure in nepal

Quarantine structure of Nepal:

Derived from the Greek word “Quaranth” which means period of 40 days. This is due to the 40-day. Isolation of ships and people practiced as a measure of disease prevention related to the plague. Quarantine may be defined as a strict isolation imposed to prevent the spread of disease. Quarantine measures may be applied to animals which are being moved between countries, animals being introduced to a new area (farm, village, etc.), to animals with infectious diseases or to animals which may have been in contact with infected animals. Isolation means physical separation of animal after disease diagnosed and Quarantine means physical separation of animal after exposed with infectious disease to monitor the sign of illness and prevent the spread of disease.

According to the OIE, a quarantine station is defined as: an establishment under the control of the Veterinary Authority where animals are maintained in isolation with no direct or indirect contact with other animals, to ensure that there is no transmission of specified pathogen(s) outside the establishment while the animals are undergoing observation for a specified length of time and, if appropriate, testing and treatment. Nepal is land bounded country by India in 3 side i.e., east, west and south, part while north part or north boarder with china. It has about a thousand kilometers free border to India. Due to porous this border, the animal quarantine has a pivotal role in inspecting the animals and their products that enters through the border to safe guard the country against the infectious animal diseases. Also, the animals that are imported through the foreign countries should be sent through the quarantine process for screening against the foreign animal diseases. In such conditions the border and internal quarantine processes should be managed properly. The boarder is open so there is easy access for disease transmission between two countries.

Objective of quarantine system in Nepal are as follows:

• To prevent the easy access of animal movement between Neighbor country and Nepal.
• To prevent the animal disease from outside to Nepal
• To prevent animal disease movement with in country i.e. one part of country to another part of country.
• To maintain animal welfare during transportation.
• To provide Animal health certificate for export and import of animal and animal based product.
• To promote animal, animal based industry with in country.
• Represent Government of Nepal as a National Technical Authority in animal quarantine sector.
• Facilitate export and import of animal, animal products and animal production inputs as per the recommended standards.
• Implement existing laws and by-laws to prevent the entry of exotic animal diseases from animal, animal products and animal production inputs.
• Update animal quarantine procedures as per the standard of Sanitary and Phyto-sanitary measures of World Trade Organization and regulate on quality of animal, animal products and animal production inputs, determine their standard, propose act, regulation and decides policy related to animal quarantine.
• Effective implement of internal quarantine to prevent the spread of diseases from one place to another
• Make necessary arrangements for the establishment and transfer of animal quarantine offices, checkposts, and quarantine station (holdingyard).

 

Quarantine offices and its checkposts in Nepal:

In Nepal there are eight (8) quarantine office and its checkpost are given below as,

1. Animal Quarantine Office, kakadbhitta Jhapa

a. Animal quarantine checkpost, kakadbhitta Jhapa

b. Animal quarantine checkpost, Bhadrapur Jhapa

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Gaurigunj Jhapa

d. Animal quarantine checkpost, Pashupatinagar, Ilam

 

2. Animal Quarantine office, Biratnagar Morang

a. Animal quarantine checkpost, Rani Morang

b. Animal quarantine checkpost, Bhantabari Sunsari

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Madar Siraha

 

3. Animal Quarantine office, Janakpur Dhanusa

a. Animal quarantine checkpost, Jatahi Dhanusa

b. Animal quarantine checkpost, Bhithamod Mahottari

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Mangalahawa Sarlahi

 

4. Animal Quarantine Office, Birgunj Parsa

a. Animal quarantine checkpost, Sirsiya Parsa

b. Animal quarantine checkpost, orhiya Rauthat

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Matiarwa Bara

d. Animal quarantine checkpost, Pathlaiya Bara (Internal)

 

5. Animal Quarantine office, kathmandu, Budhanikantha.

a.  Animal quarantine checkpost, TIA, KTM

b. Animal quarantine checkpost, Tatopani,Sindhupalchock

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Ramnagar chitwan (internal)

d. Temporary Animal quarantine checkpost, Rasuwa, timure

e. Temporary Animal quarantine checkpost, Nagdunga, Kathmandu (internal)

 

6. Animal Quarantine Office Bhairahawa, Rupandehi

a. Animal quarantine checkpost, belhia Rupandehi

b. Animal quarantine checkpost,  Mahespur Nawalparasi west

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Krishnagar Kapilvastu

 

7. Animal Quarantine Office Nepalgunj, Banke

a. Animal quarantine checkpost, jamuna Banke

b. Animal quarantine checkpost, Gularia Bardiya

c. Animal quarantine checkpost, Bhaluwang Dang  (Temporary internal)

 

8. Animal Quarantine Office Gaddachauki, Kanchanpur

a. Animal Quarantine checkpost, Dhangadhi Kailali

b. Animal Quarantine checkpost, Darchulla

c. Animal Quarantine checkpost, belauli kanchanpur

d. Animal Quarantine checkpost, Gaddachauki Kanchanpur

Quarantine period of 15 Transboundary disease in Nepal are as follows:

(a) Rinderpest -21 days

(b) Foot and Mouth Disease -21 days

(c) Pestes des petits Ruminants -21 days

(d) Lumpy Skin Disease -21 days

(e) Sheep pox and Goat pox -21 days

(f) Blue Tongue -40 days

(g) African Swine Fever -40 days

(h) Classical Swine Fever -40 days

(i) African Horse sickness -40 days

(j) Vesicular Stomatitis -21 days

(k) Swine vesicular Disease -28 days

(l) Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia – 6 months

(m) Rift Valley Fever -30 days

(n) Fowl Plague -21 days

(o) New Castle Disease -21 day